After the railway workshop relocated from Nagpur to Kharagpur, over a thousand families moved into the newly established colony. Recognizing the need for Christian education in the burgeoning community, Fr. Theodore Richir SJ, the Parish Priest of Sacred Heart Church in Kharagpur, reached out to Sister Sylvia, the Mother General of the Apostolic Carmel, to help establish a convent and school in the area.

The first group of Apostolic Carmel sisters arrived in Kharagpur on January 20, 1951. They decided to found a new school under the patronage of St. Agnes. Initially, the school admitted only a few pupils, but a public concert held four months later showcased the remarkable skills of the Indian sisters, demonstrating that they were on par with their European counterparts. This event attracted students from neighbouring schools to St. Agnes.

In its early years, the school offered classes up to Standard III, gradually adding a new class each year. Despite not being officially recognized at the time, the school expanded to include Standard IX by January 1957, and students began taking the Senior School Certificate examinations. The new school building was blessed in December 1958, and as the student population grew, the school was further expanded with a new block that was completed and became operational in 1970. By June 2004, St. Agnes had begun offering Higher Secondary courses.

Today, St. Agnes School boasts a large and diverse student body and provides exceptional instruction. It prepares students for a well-rounded life by fostering emotional, intellectual, social, ethical, and spiritual growth, ensuring that every pupil has ample opportunities to develop in all these